(1) amplitude modulation ::
matalikidwe mafananitsidwe(2) frequency modulation ::
pafupipafupi mafananitsidwe(3) pulse width modulation ::
Kugunda m'lifupi mafananitsidwe(4) phase modulation ::
gawo mafananitsidwe(5) pulse code modulation ::
Kugunda malamulo mafananitsidwe(6) zero modulation ::
ziro mafananitsidwe